WASHINGTON (AP) — Republican presidential candidate Mitt Romney is making campaign promises that could produce an economic miracle — or a more predictable list of broken vows.
Romney says he wants to put the nation on a path to a balanced budget while also cutting an array of taxes, building up the Navy and Air Force and adding 100,000 active-duty military personnel. He says he would slash domestic spending and reduce tax loopholes but has offered few details.
His comments raise eyebrows in Congress, long accustomed to easier-said-than-done promises. And even some conservatives have their doubts.
Christopher A. Preble, a vice president for the libertarian Cato Institute, says Romneys promise to push military spending to 4 percent of the national economy would require dramatic increases that would raise, not lower, the federal deficit.
Citing the absurdity of Romneys plan, Preble wrote recently that the candidate hasnt said what other spending he will cut, or what taxes he would increase.
Until he does, Preble wrote, it is logical to conclude that he plans to pile on more debt.
Romney says he will avoid that problem by making courageous cuts to federal programs if elected.
I have three major ways that we can get ourselves to a balanced budget, he told voters this month in Warwick, RI Number one is to eliminate some programs. Stop, eliminate them. Not just slow down their rate of growth. But look at programs and say, Too many, too big, too expensive, too ineffective, get rid of it. Some programs youre going to like. Im going to ask for sacrifice. But the sacrifice will not be taking more from your wallet…. Im not going to give anybody any free stuff.
Other Romney proposals would make states responsible for programs such as Medicaid, and reduce the federal workforce by 10 percent through attrition.
Its not uncommon for candidates to promise unspecified spending cuts. Often, however, they find it extremely difficult to fulfill the pledges once elected. Thats one reason the nations debt has soared under Republican and Democratic presidents and congresses alike.
Romney has shown little willingness to cut popular programs so far. He joined President Barack Obama, and bucked some House Republicans, by backing an extension of low college loan rates for middle-income students, a $6 billion government cost.
Voters may understand that candidates cant or wont keep all their promises.
You campaign in fiction, and govern in fact, said Tom Davis, a former congressman who headed the Republicans House campaign committee from 1998 to 2002.
He noted that Obama quickly backed off his campaign promise to close the Guantanamo Bay prison. Obama also pledged to tamp down Washingtons partisan tone and to overhaul immigration laws, neither of which has happened.
Davis said its the general thrust of Romneys proposals that matters most, not every specific item.
What hes trying to do is sketch a different vision, Davis said. Details of how Romneys proposals will pan out, if hes elected, will be determined by Congress and events, he said.
Rep. Steve LaTourette, R-Ohio, said Romneys proposals are aspirations more than firm promises. If elected, Romney may have to revisit his current rejection of tax increases and his vow to leave Social Security and Medicare unchanged for current and soon-to-be recipients, LaTourette said.
Romney and Obama have to come to the realization that a big deal, which includes tax increases, spending cuts and changes to Social Security and Medicare, is the only way to address the nations deficit dilemma, LaTourette said.
Romney calls for a host of tax cuts. But independent analysts say they will worsen the deficit unless offset by deep and politically unpopular spending cuts.
Romney would keep the Bush-era tax cuts, and further reduce all marginal income tax rates by 20 percent. He says he would lower the corporate tax rate, eliminate the estate tax, push a balanced budget amendment to the Constitution and make $500 billion in unspecified domestic discretionary spending cuts in 2016.
He wants wider exploration for energy, including oil drilling in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, or ANWR.
Such promises draw loud cheers at GOP rallies. But for decades, Republican-run and Democratic-run congresses alike have rejected ANWR drilling, a balanced budget amendment, deep spending cuts and other mainstays of Romneys campaign.
Whether these campaign ideas are called proposals, aspirations or promises, they are easier to talk about than to achieve.