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By Paula Moore

Excuse me for stating the obvious, but racists are dumb. That’s not just my opinion — it’s the conclusion of a provocative new study published in the journal Psychological Science.

Gordon Hodson, a psychologist at Brock University in Ontario, and his colleagues found that children with low intelligence are more likely to grow up to be racist adults. A previous study examining homophobia showed that people who are less adept at abstract reasoning are more likely to be prejudiced against gays.

All of this got me thinking: Does the link between brains and bias apply to how we view animals too? Are “speciesists” — people who believe that humans are superior to other animals — just not all that bright?

“There may be cognitive limits in the ability to take the perspective of others,” explains Hodson. In other words, the less intelligent you are, the harder it may be for you to put yourself in another’s shoes — and the more likely you are to hold prejudiced beliefs about other groups.

If someone is unmoved by the plight of elephants shackled, beaten and forced to perform in circuses or of animals poisoned and blinded in laboratories, perhaps they similarly lack the ability to consider the animals’ point of view.

The anecdotal evidence linking intelligence and empathy for animals is certainly intriguing. Some of the world’s greatest minds from throughout history — including Pythagoras, Leonardo da Vinci, Mohandas Gandhi and Leo Tolstoy — have been vegetarian.

Albert Einstein, whose diet was primarily plant-based, said, “Besides agreeing with the aims of vegetarianism for aesthetic and moral reasons, it is my view that a vegetarian manner of living by its purely physical effect on the human temperament would most beneficially influence the lot of mankind.”

A few years ago, the BBC reported on a study that linked a high IQ with being vegetarian. More than 8,000 children in the UK were given IQ tests in 1970. When researchers followed up with the participants decades later, they found that people who had scored well on the tests were more likely to become vegetarian later in life.

Another study showed that vegans and vegetarians have more empathy — for both animals and people — than meat-eaters do. Researchers in Europe recruited vegan, vegetarian and meat-eating volunteers and placed them into an MRI machine while showing them a series of random pictures. The MRI scans revealed that when observing animal or human suffering, the “empathy-related” areas of the brain are more active among vegetarians and vegans. The researchers also found that there are certain brain areas that only vegans and vegetarians seem to activate when witnessing suffering.

So, could it be that your deer-hunting cousin or that woman at the store with the fur-trimmed jacket is just not smart enough to see that animals feel pain every bit as acutely, love their young every bit as deeply and long for freedom every bit as intensely as we do?

Maybe. But I like to think that such people just haven’t been given the tools they need to make a compassionate choice. As celebrated astrophysicist Dr. Neil deGrasse Tyson says, perhaps “part of our formal education should be training in empathy. Imagine how different the world would be if, in fact, it were ‘reading, writing, arithmetic empathy.’

– Paula Moore is a senior writer for the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals Foundation.

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CNN LIVE: Tune in Wednesday at 8 pm ET for the last presidential debate before Super Tuesday, the CNN/Arizona Republican Party Debate hosted by John King. Follow it on Twitter at #CNNDebate and on Facebook at CNN Politics. For real-time coverage of the Arizona and Michigan primaries, go to CNNPolitics.com or to the CNN apps or CNN mobile website.

Las Vegas (CNN) — One minute, hes checking a cats mouth for gingivitis. The next, hes carefully bandaging a dogs bloody, broken nail.

This could be any hard-working veterinarian tending to ailing animals. But the embroidered name on his crisp white medical coat bears a familiar name: Dr. John Ensign.

Hes better known as former Nevada Sen. John Ensign, who abruptly announced his resignation 10 months ago amid a high-profile sex scandal.

I built this, Ensign told CNN in an exclusive interview inside West Flamingo Animal Hospital, where he now works.

It was the first 24-hour animal hospital in Las Vegas, and Dr. Yak [the current owner] bought this from me, and now Im working for him, he mused, calling it humbling, yet also a very healthy thing to have happen in life.

Ensign was the only veterinarian in Congress. He hadnt practiced since becoming a US senator more than a decade ago.

Ensign took CNN on an exclusive tour of the animal hospital, just a few blocks west of the Bellagio hotel and famous Las Vegas Strip. Stopping to look at a large dog getting a digital X-ray, he points to the image.

You can tell hes had a crushed pelvis there, he said.

You see our X-ray equipment? Its all digital now.

He said he works hard to get up to speed on the changes in technology and techniques since he was elected to the Senate.

Literally, Im studying, you know, till 10, 11 oclock every night and just trying to make sure that I get back up to a very high level in veterinary medicine, Ensign said.

Theres been a steep learning curve, and Ive gone to continuing-ed [education] conferences. Ive spent time with specialty practices, both in California and here, he said.

He insists veterinary medicine is where his heart is.

I loved being in the Senate. That was a wonderful experience. But Im putting as much passion into this as I did that, and so Im really enjoying it. And the other nice thing is being home every night, you know, seeing my wife and kids every day, Ensign said.

Ensign is still with his wife, Darlene, and says theyre doing great — healing after his extramarital affair with Cynthia Hampton, a longtime friend and employee, led to his political downfall.

Last spring, the Senate Ethics Committee issued a lengthy, stinging report with a torrid narrative of the affair, accusing Ensign of violating the law by trying to help Hamptons aggrieved husband — a former staffer — find lobbying jobs.

Ensign, an evangelical Christian, resigned three weeks before the report came out. When asked if he left Congress to avoid testifying before the Senate Ethics Committee, he said, My family had been through enough. I didnt want to put them through more.

Ensign and his wife have three children, two boys and a girl — one in college, one in high school and one in junior high.

The committee report recommended that the Justice Department investigate Ensign for violating the law, but he told us he has no indication that is happening.

I havent heard anything since I left. I really dont think about it until somebody like you asks me about it, he said.

But he did offer that he didnt think the ethics report was fair, saying it published the report without incorporating what Ensign submitted.

They did not even consider our side in it, Ensign said.

He is introspective about his fall from grace, warning those still in politics not to let power get the best of them, as it did him.

Do everything that you possibly can to keep yourself grounded. And a big part of that is keep people surrounded, keep people around who basically will slap you upside the head and tell you when youre doing wrong, he advised.

Didnt he have that?

I thought I did, but after a while, you develop invisible barriers and to where theyre actually intimidated to do that, even though I would say it all the time, he said.

Even when you really value people, you can still develop a little bit of an arrogance that you dont even see in yourself.

Ensigns political star was once so bright, the former member of the Republican leadership in the Senate had pondered a presidential run. Does he have pangs now, watching GOP contenders like Mitt Romney and his old friend Rick Santorum go at it?

Ensign shakes his head.

The chances for me would have been so slim anyway, but you know you cant go back, you cant look back. Im looking forward to veterinarian medicine, Im having a ball.

When hes not at West Flamingo Animal Hospital, Ensign spends his time at an animal shelter neutering dogs and cats — and the shelter sometimes does hundreds in one day.

He recently had to put a dog to sleep for the first time since returning to veterinarian medicine.

It was an older dog, and you know I held the lady, I hugged her. She wanted to be there when the animal was put to sleep. It was her husbands dog, and he died four years ago, and so at the same time, you look at that as an incredible responsibility to be there for people, Ensign said.

Its those moments that make Ensign call veterinarian medicine his lifes passion.

And what about the politics? The profession he was forced to leave?

Ensign tries to keep a sense of humor about it all.

You know the bark is worse than the bite in DC, he said, tongue firmly in his cheek, adding, I was vaccinated for rabies.

CNN Senior Congressional Producer Deirdre Walsh contributed to this report.

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BROADCASTING doyen Bruce McAvaney says connections of wonder mare Black Caviar are now walking the tightrope of preserving the invaluable status of her unbeaten record with the need to take on loftier, more ambitious targets.

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Valentines Day is coming up, and a few lovelorn Roseville residents are reaching out via Craigslist. The sites Missed Connections section is the last-ditch hope for those who spied a potential match but couldnt get up the nerve to exchange contact information.

#13;

Here are a few recent Roseville postings:

#13;

we just cant: get our timing right.

#13;

Roseville DMV: Hot blonde at DMV Tuesday around 11 we were looking at each other for a while.

#13;

bakers bens blonde/trail blazer roseville: You were blonde driving a marron trail balzer! i was in there with two guy friends! get back to me!……

#13;

Changs Mon. Pm: Sparks flew, red suv, We need to finish this. I made your afternoon. Tell me what I said.

#13;

Beautiful Persian Girl: You gave me a ride home and hung out … i think there was some mutual sparks. …

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Feb. 6, 2012 — Children who feel left out, even for a little while, may be less active.

A new study shows that kids who are ostracized by other children are more likely to choose non-active pastimes over physical ones.

The results showed that children who were excluded during an online computer game later spent 41% more minutes being sedentary, rather than choosing a more physical activity at a gym where they could pick any diversion they liked.

Researchers say it’s the first study to look at the effect of ostracism on physical activity in children.

“These findings are worrisome,” write researcher Jacob E. Barkley, PhD, of Kent State University, and colleagues in Pediatrics. “The lack of physical activity and engagement in sedentary behaviors in children and adolescents are concurrently and prospectively related to obesity and other health difficulties.”

Previous studies have already shown that ostracism increases eating. Researchers say these results suggest another possible way that ostracism may contribute to childhood obesity.

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As grumpy Patriots fans hit the hay, and elated Giants fans hit the streets to celebrate, the animation team at Taiwans Next Media was just starting work.

The Super Bowl, which ended around 11 am Monday in Taiwan, is by no means a big event there. Though American influence looms large on the island of 23 million, which counts baseball and basketball as two of its favorite pastimes, football has never caught on.

But for Next Media Animation, an arm of Next Media that runs Apple Daily, one of the most widely read and influential newspapers in Taiwan and Hong Kong, the Super Bowl is a great chance to produce a viral video.

The animation team first hit it big with an animated account of Tiger Woods being chased by his irate, golf-club wielding wife in 2008, and since then has used viral videos to grow its name and build out a customer base that pays to have the company develop animations, some satirical and some aimed at accurately portraying news events for which theres little footage.

The animations are often raunchy and blunt in portraying events. A Super Bowl preview posted in January explains both teams paths to Sundays game, the Giants as club-wielding ogres and the Patriots as colonial soldiers. Everybody hates the Patriots. They cheat, the narrator says in the video. She ends by saying New York shouldnt be counted out.

Monday morning, the first challenge for the writerswho began their day in an expatriate bar that opened early to broadcast the gameis illustrating New Englands first loss to the New York Giants in the 2008 Super Bowl.

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JESSICA van VONDEREN: The story of Mary Poppins has very close ties with regional Queensland. Author PL Travers was born in Maryborough. The musical has proved an overwhelming success at the Queensland Performing Arts Centre in Brisbane, and audiences have been able to learn about the author at an exhibition there.

(FOOTAGE OF MARY POPPINS DRESS)

CHRISTOPHER SMITH, EXHIBITION CURATOR: It was wonderful to learn that the creator of a character as well loved and as well known as Mary Poppins was actually not only an Australian but a Queenslander born in Maryborough. Her father was a bank manager. So she and her mother and her two sisters, she had two sisters which you dont hear about very often, spent their very earliest years in Maryborough. So they were there for about I think for about four or five years and then there some changes in their circumstances and they ended up in Allora for a period of time as well. So she spent quite few of her earliest childhood years in Queensland and I think thats reflected in the book. Because I think the resourcefulness that she needed to develop living in those sort of environments and particularly when they moved to Allora it was very open there was a sense of the sky, the star, Im sure that that had a real influence on the why the stars are important in the stories theyre a constant element because skies in outback Queensland are just blazing with them. And when we learnt that the Mary Poppins musical was coming here it seemed a fortuitous match that we could tell the story of PL Travers the writer and the character of Mary who sort of almost is an alto ego I think for Pamela and then to show how the character developed from the book to the film and then eventually into this live musical show.

(FOOTAGE OF MARY POPPINS THE MUSICAL)

CHRISTOPHER SMITH: We were fortunate that we managed to arrange a loan from th4e State Library of New South Wales where the PLTravers literary collection is held. And what I wanted was pieces that actually showed the hand of the author. So things that shed written on, drafts for things, comments that shed made. Theres a wonderful copy of the shooting script for the film which they, she managed to get sort of first refusal I suppose on the details of the script so shes actually written comments about it saying Mary wouldnt do this or I dont think thats correct. And theres drafts of stories for her later works.

(MORE FOOTAGE OF COSTUMES OF MARY POPPINS)

CHRISTOPHER SMITH: The costumes weve got here are from the Australian production. Were very fortunate in that over the period of two plus years that the shows been running inevitably the costumes have to be remade. Casts change, costumes get a bit worn sometimes but they have multiples as well because they get a lot of wear and tear on stage so we were able to negotiate with the company to borrow some of the extra costumes. For instance there are two costumes here worn by Mrs Banks the mother because the actress played in Brisbane is different from the actress playing in Sydney and Melbourne. So they had to remake them so we were fortunate we got to have some of the original costumes.

(MORE FOOTAGE OF MARY POPPINS THE MUSICAL)

CHRISTOPHER SMITH: If any childrens books survives two or three generations I think its destined to be a long term classic and Mary Poppins has certainly done that.

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NEW YORK (Reuters) – Designer Carolina Herrera didnt grow up dreaming of a fashion career. Born in Caracas, Venezuela, she spent her childhood riding horses and pursuing favorite pastimes on the family estate.

But fashion became her calling and after a lifetime of design, winning awards and providing red carpet looks for stars ranging from Oscar winner Renee Zellweger to Grammy winner Lady Gaga, industry watchers know that family is the thread that runs through Herreras personal and professional success.

Maybe fashion was sleeping in me and suddenly it woke up, Herrera, 73, told Reuters. Because when I was growing up, my great interest was my horses, tennis and thats it, and dogs and normal life, not about fashion.

A huge portrait of the designer by Andy Warhol, a memento of her night-clubbing years in the 1970s with superstar peers such as Mick Jagger, hung in her showroom behind her as she spoke with Reuters in an interview ahead of the February 13 debut of her latest collection at Mercedes-Benz Fashion Week in New York.

Her office is filled with art books and framed family photos, and two silver statuettes from the Council of Fashion Designers of America — the Geoffrey Beene Lifetime Achievement Award she received in 2008 and the Womenswear Designer of the Year Award in 2004 — take a prominent place.

With her Fall 2012 runway show set for Monday, Herrera talked about her 30 years in fashion and how she built her New York-based company, the privately held Carolina Herrera Ltd., into a global billion-dollar brand.

A FAMILY AFFAIR

Her mother, who was a very romantic, poetic, cultivated woman, her grandmother and the other women in her family loved haute couture, prizing the craftsmanship that made them as beautiful on the inside as on the outside, she said.

Herrera saw her first fashion show at age 13 when her grandmother took her to see the Balenciaga collection. When she was almost 16, she began to wear stylish clothes to dances and parties. She married young and her first marriage ended in divorce. A second marriage, to childhood friend Reinaldo Herrera who has ties to Spanish nobility, has lasted.

As a young mother who belonged to the jet set, Herrera caught the eye of photographers with her regal beauty and exquisite taste in clothes. She became a fixture on the best-dressed List in the 1970s and wound up in its Hall of Fame.

But by 1980, Herrera wanted something more and she credits Diana Vreeland, the formidable editor-in-chief of Vogue magazine, with giving her the nod to become a fashion designer.

I said, you know, I think I want to be a designer for material, for fabrics. And she looked at me straight in the eyes and said, Oh my dear, how boring that is. You cant. You have to do something else. Why dont you try to have a collection, or a whole collection from daytime to evening and try to do something like that, which you will like much better. She gave me the idea, Herrera said.

She showed her first collection in 1981, and said she felt lucky to get her start in New York because the Americans were very generous. Her friend, the late Bill Blass, who was a favorite designer of Nancy Reagan, helped her, coaching her on how to stage a runway show.

Herreras couture line of womens clothes and her Carolina Herrera collection are sold in boutiques and stores from New York to Moscow, Hong Kong and Dubai.

The trendiest part of her business is CH Carolina Herrera, a more casual line that offers menswear, childrens wear, womens wear, handbags, shoes and other accessories, eyewear, fragrances and products for the home.

THE SWEET SMELL OF SUCCESS

Not to be left out are her fragrances – 11, in all – which she says are a designers passport to the world.

When a designer is asked to do a fragrance, she said, you should do it immediately because thats what gets your name everywhere. Her daughter Carolina is in charge of the fragrance business — shes sort of the face, as her mother put it.

She respects her daughters taste and their honesty, which help her understand what younger customers want. Patricias feedback is prized because she does not lie.

For Herrera herself, the greatest compliment comes from customers, but its not expressed in words.

Every time I see someone wearing something from Carolina Herrera, its a great compliment for me. It doesnt matter if it looks bad – its better that she looks beautiful. But its a great compliment because it says that Im doing something right, and so theyre buying it because they like it.

But that sort of statement betrays the business success she has achieved in more than three decades.

I believe that if you would have asked me 30 years ago, I would have never been able to imagine that we would have gotten to where we are today, she said.

Asked to describe the best and worst parts of her job, she said her favorite functions were being creative – now I am really in heaven because Im working in the new collection – and the worst part were the media interviews. It scares me so much … but its part of the business.

She advises young designers to keep the creative side of the business separate from the numbers, And on the topic of becoming a creative success, Herrera said it is all about your eye.

Its about talent, of course. You have to have talent to design and to dress thousands of women or millions of women around the world. And you know very well, the only thing they want is to look more beautiful.

In conversation, most topics seem safe, except retirement. Why do people ask that question? Is it because of the age? she asks.

As timeless as her designs seem to be – her self-described uniform of a tailored white shirt and slim gray wool dress is always fashionable – Herrera never tires of going to work.

When you do something that you like and you think you can keep doing it, you dont think about retiring. And this is a private company, so I dont have to retire.

(Reporting by Alicia Powell and Jan Paschal; Writing by Jan Paschal; Editing by Bob Tourtellotte)

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February 10

COLLEGE CONNECTIONS: Leary bounces back for UMF

By Bill Stewart bstewart@centralmaine.com
Staff Writer

FARMINGTON The more Kevin Leary watched, the more frustrated hed get.

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HENDERSON, Nev.–(BUSINESS WIRE)–Spectrum Pharmaceuticals (NasdaqGS: SPPI), a biotechnology company with
fully integrated commercial and drug development operations with a
primary focus in hematology and oncology, today announced the promotions
of Rick Gonzalez to Senior Vice President, Commercial; Andrew W. Amstrup
to the position of Vice President, Sales, and Glenn Ravelo to Vice
President, Business Solutions.

The promotions are intended to reward our commercial team for its
successes in 2011 and are also crucial as we ramp up our commercial
efforts for the future

â??The promotions of Rick, Andy and Glenn on our Commercial team will
further strengthen our position and results in the marketplace,� said
Jim Shields, Spectrum Pharmaceuticalsâ?? Senior Vice President and Chief
Commercial Officer. â??Each of these individuals has contributed
significantly to our success and our ability to capitalize on current
and future market opportunities in oncology and hematology.�

â??The promotions are intended to reward our commercial team for its
successes in 2011 and are also crucial as we ramp up our commercial
efforts for the future,� said Rajesh C. Shrotriya, MD, Chairman, Chief
Executive Officer, and President of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals. â??We expect
to continue to grow sales for our two marketed drugs, FUSILEV®
for advanced metastatic colorectal cancer, and ZEVALIN® for
indolent non-Hodgkinâ??s lymphoma. We currently expect our fourth quarter
2011 revenues to be equal to or greater than our third quarter 2011
revenues.�

Rick Gonzalez joined Spectrum in March 2008 and has had increasing
responsibilities leading teams within Spectrumâ??s Commercial group. In
his new position of Senior Vice President, Commercial, Mr. Gonzalez will
be responsible for designing and leading all commercial strategies for
marketed and late-stage products, including Sales, Commercial
Operations, Business Solutions and Brand Management. His immediate focus
is on the optimization of all resources within the commercial operation
to ensure a successful launch of the ZEVALIN (ibritumomab tiuxetan) repositioning
campaign and continued revenue growth from FUSILEV (levoleucovorin). Mr.
Gonzalez will report directly to Jim Shields. Prior to joining Spectrum,
Mr. Gonzalez was a founding member of the Abraxis Oncology commercial
team, where he held positions in sales management, marketing and account
management. Mr. Gonzalez has 20 years of experience in the
pharmaceutical industry of which 14 have been in specialty markets,
including Hematology/Oncology. Prior companies include GlaxoSmithKline,
Roche Laboratories, Ligand Pharmaceuticals and Genzyme. Mr. Gonzalez
earned his Bachelor of Science in Business Logistics from Penn State
University.

Andrew Amstrup joined Spectrum in 2011, serving most recently as
National Director of Sales for ZEVALIN. In his new position of Vice
President, Sales, Mr. Amstrup will report to Mr. Gonzalez and will be
responsible for the Companyâ??s Academic and Specialty Hematology ZEVALIN
sales teams. Mr. Amstrup has more than 30 years of pharmaceutical sales
and sales management experience. Prior to joining Spectrum, he was
Director of Sales for TEVA Pharmaceuticals, where he managed seven sales
districts including 72 field representatives and managers. Mr. Amstrup
previously spent 20 years with Bayer Corporation, most recently as
Specialty Director of Sales in the Academic and Institutional
Environment. Early in his career, he was Division Manager with Stuart
Pharmaceuticals (now AstraZeneca PLC). Mr. Amstrup earned his Bachelor
of Arts from California State University.

Glenn Ravelo has more than 25 years of pharmaceutical experience,
including 21 in the oncology space. Mr. Ravelo is a seasoned
professional with extensive experience in sales, sales management and
account management. In his new role as Vice President of Business
Solutions, Mr. Ravelo will be responsible overseeing the FUSILEV
Specialty Sales Team. In addition, his responsibilities will include:
Account Management, Managed Markets, Government Affairs, Logistics and
Business Informatics. He will report to Mr. Gonzalez. Prior to joining
Spectrum in 2007, he held various positions of increasing responsibility
at Abraxis Oncology. Mr. Ravelo was a charter member of Amgen
Corporation where he spent 18 years and gained experience in many areas
of the business. Previously, he worked at Roche Laboratories. Mr. Ravelo
earned his Bachelor of Science from Springhill College and his Master of
Business Administration from Nova Southeastern.

About Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, a biotechnology company with a primary focus
in oncology and hematology, currently markets two oncology drugs, FUSILEV®
(levoleucovorin) for Injection and ZEVALIN®(ibritumomab
tiuxetan) Injection for intravenous use. In addition, Spectrum has two
drugs, apaziquone and belinostat, in late stage development with a goal
of filing New Drug Applications (NDAs) with the US Food amp; Drug
Administration in 2012. The Company also has a diversified pipeline of
novel drug candidates. The Companyâ??s strategy is comprised of acquiring,
developing and commercializing a broad and diverse pipeline of
late-stage clinical and commercial drug products. The Company has
aggressive business development and commercial operation teams that
support a robust drug development program encompassing clinical
development, medical research, regulatory affairs, biostatistics and
data management. The Company also leverages the expertise of its
worldwide partners to assist in the execution of its strategy. For more
information, please visit the Companyâ??s website at www.sppirx.com.

Forward-looking statement â?? This press release may contain
forward-looking statements regarding future events and the future
performance of Spectrum Pharmaceuticals that involve risks and
uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially.
These statements are based on managementâ??s current beliefs and
expectations. These statements include but are not limited to
statements that relate to our business and its future, including certain
company milestones, Spectrums ability to identify, acquire, develop and
commercialize a broad and diverse pipeline of late-stage clinical and
commercial products, leveraging the expertise of partners and employees,
around the world to assist us in the execution of our strategy, and any
statements that relate to the intent, belief, plans or expectations of
Spectrum or its management, or that are not a statement of historical
fact. Risks that could cause actual results to differ include the
possibility that our existing and new drug candidates, may not prove
safe or effective, the possibility that our existing and new
applications to the FDA may not receive approval, and other regulatory
agencies in a timely manner or at all, the possibility that our existing
and new drug candidates, if approved, may not be more effective, safer
or more cost efficient than competing drugs, the possibility that our
efforts to acquire or in-license and develop additional drug candidates
may fail, our lack of sustained revenue history, our limited marketing
experience, our dependence on third parties for clinical trials,
manufacturing, distribution and quality control and other risks that are
described in further detail in the Companys reports filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission. We do not plan to update any such
forward-looking statements and expressly disclaim any duty to update the
information contained in this press release except as required by law.

SPECTRUM PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.®, ZEVALIN®,
and FUSILEV® are registered trademarks of
Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. REDEFINING CANCER CAREâ?¢ and the
Spectrum Pharmaceutical logos are trademarks owned by Spectrum
Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

 2012 Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. All Rights
Reserved.